Obituary Vintage Fashion Guild - 1137 Words

Admin, Vintage Fashion Guild. â€Å"1900 to 1910.† June 3, 2012. Accessed December 7, 2016. http://vintagefashionguild.org/fashion-timeline/1900-to-1910/. This webpage gave a brief description of the fashion during the time of 1900 to 1910. It went from the end of the Victorian era fashion to the Designs of Paul Poiret. This webpage helped my paper by giving descriptive detail about the dresses the woman wore in the 1900’s. It gave me insight of the high necks and undefined bosom’s. Aldous, Tony. The Illustrated London News’ Book of London’s Villages. London: Martin Secker Warburg, 1980. This document is a book with Newspaper articles from London. In the London News article G.K. Chesterton wrote about how he hated the hobble skirt on May 30, 1914. He felt like it restricted the women and was a ridiculous invention. It showed me how men hated some of the fashion choices women liked, hoping to impress the men. â€Å"1960 to 1970.† August 30, 2010. Accessed December 7, 2016. http://vintagefashionguild.org/fashion-timeline/1960-to-1970// This webpage gave a brief description of the fashion during the time of 1960 to 1970. It went from the end of the1950’s silhouette to the â€Å"British Invasion â€Å"and the â€Å"Youth quake† movement. This webpage helped my paper by giving descriptive detail about how the young people were making and taking over fashion. It gave me insight of the biggest impact Britain had on the United States. Ang, Genevieve. â€Å"Womens Fashion History from 1900 to 1939.†

Gandhi s Struggle Towards Independence - 1114 Words

Mohandas Gandhi was known in history for nonviolent philosophy with passive resistance. His nick name was ‘mahatma’ this translated to ‘the great souled one’. He was in South Africa before returning to his birth place of India in the 1900s. During World War 1, Gandhi was the main leading person in India’s struggle toward independence from Great Britain. He lived an ascetic lifestyle, which means he only dressed in loincloth and shawl. This was to show his Hindu faith. Gandhi was imprisoned many times because he would not cooperate with authorities. He took many strikes for hunger to show the life of the poorest classes in India, along with other injustices. Gandhi was shot and killed in 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist. In Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s early life, his father was the chief minister. His mother was very religious, which taught self-discipline and nonviolence. He was born on October 2nd 1869, in the city of Porbandar which today is Gujarat. He left home at 19 to study law in London within the college of Inner Temple, which was one of the four main law schools. He returned to India in 1891 to set up his own law firm, but had little success. He then left and joined a job position that was a law firm and sent him to South Africa. He brought along his wife, Kastubai and kids. Gandhi stayed in Africa for about 20 years. In the salt march in the months of April and May 1930, thousands of people went from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea while following Gandhi. During theShow MoreRelatedGandhi : Gandhi And Influential Religious Political Leaders Of The Twentieth Century1464 Words   |  6 PagesMohandas Karamchand Gandhi was one of the most admired and influential religious political leaders of the twentieth century. Gandhi is acknowledged as the Father of the Nation or Bapu due to his astonishing contributions towards the independence of India, by becoming an amazing freedom fighter who led India as a leader of Nationalism, against British rule. Gandhi was one of such that believed in nonviolence, the unity of people, and bringing spirituality upon Indian politics. He worked incrediblyRead MoreIndia Challenges Of India s Indian Movement Of Independence1477 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Gandhi challenges British rule in India When one imagines of the early 1940s’ Indian movement of independence, one figure readily clicks into the mind; the popular Mahatma Gandhi, who was an immensely leader in India. He was nicknamed Mahatma by most of his countrymen, a name that meant â€Å"The Great Soul†. This leader led to a remarkable change of the world far much beyond his sacrificial and successful struggle that led to the end of the British imperial rule in his nation, India. Gandhi believedRead MoreThe Indian Independence Movement Of India1129 Words   |  5 PagesI am going to be focusing in on the later half on the Indian independence movement (1918-1947) leading up till the riots that caused the partition of India. This means that I will be analyzing the complete territory of India that was present during that time period. There are several reasons I am focusing in on this time period. First I will be researching about the independence movement which eventually led to the Indian Independence Act of 1947 and then see how that leads to the partition of IndiaRead MoreGandhi : An Indian Politician1164 Words   |  5 PagesMohandas Karamchand Gandhi born in 2 October 1869 in Porbandar and died in Delhi on January 30 1948, at the age of 78 years old. He is from a rich Hindouiste family of the caste of Vaishyas (caste of the traders), just below the caste of the members of a religious order of the warriors. He is the youngest of his 3 other brothers. 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Pharmaceutical Companies Free Essays

Questions for Review 1. Pharmaceutical companies do have a responsibility to distribute drugs for a low cost in developing and poorer countries. Africa’s GDP, and per capita income is very low so they cannot afford to buy top quality medicines. We will write a custom essay sample on Pharmaceutical Companies or any similar topic only for you Order Now One main argument for this approach is the AIDS epidemic in Africa. A main argument against this is that the treatment for AIDS is very expensive to provide to a whole country for free. 2. The principal arguments of pharmaceutical companies that oppose making exceptions to IPR law for developing countries are national treatment that is equal of foreign and domestic nationals. Most-favored-nation treatment and the equal treatment of all WTO members. Also, technological progress. One last argument is how to provide adequate protection for this, and enforcing it. The arguments by NGOs and others to relax IPR laws are to end trade pressure on poor countries in health care industry disputes. 3. I would expect South Africa’s decision to levy duties on drug imports from western nations to have a negative impact on the international distribution of drugs to South Africa. If it is already expensive and hard to get drugs to AIDS patients in Africa, making them more expensive will not help. . In my opinion, I feel like this was an appropriate change of policy because it did lower prices on drugs. Some negative ramifications of this resolutions is that the price wouldn’t drop low enough. 5. I do not think it was necessary to relax IPR rules in order to ensure that adequate supplies of AIDS medications would be available for distribution in the developing world because the US took initiative to fix high drug prices and low-quality health infrastructures. 6. MNC’s have an ethical responsibility in providing funding to international organizations like the global fund to help cure AIDS How to cite Pharmaceutical Companies, Papers

Black Decker †Eastern Hemisphere and the Adp Initiative free essay sample

ADP had the positive impact on Black Decker in the US, but some of the managers were concerned that 360 ° feedback might not work in Asia because of cultural differences; therefore, Lim modified ADP which contained many features that Lancaster believed and wanted to see, except for the ? 360? ^0 feedback element that had been critical in ADP. In 1910, Duncan Black and Alonzo Decker established Black Decker which manufactured industrial machinery. By 1996, Black Decker was in 109 countries and was the world’s largest producer of power tools, electric lawn and garden tools, and related accessories. Although Black Decker was very successful in North America and Europe, it still met difficulty in Asia and Latin America. In 1993, the company had a major reorganization, where the International group was divided into Latin America which headquarters was in Miami and Eastern Hemisphere which headquarters was in Singapore. In the Eastern Hemisphere, power tools were the largest single business which occupied 70% sales and represented the â€Å"spiritual heart† of company. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Decker – Eastern Hemisphere and the Adp Initiative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before being appointed President of Black and Decker Eastern Hemisphere in October 1995, Bill Lancaster used to hold senior administrative positions in Australia and Vice President Marketing and Sales, Professional Products for North American Power Tools group. By the time he arrived in Singapore, the company has already set up the Singapore headquarters and built new factories in Singapore, India and China. He spent a lot of time talking to rank-and-file employees throughout the Eastern Hemisphere organization. There were some problems that Lancaster found out such as major disparity in management style. For example, one problem was that most of the management and supervisory jobs were undertaken by people from the outside. Another one was that the management assessment and development system, also known as MBO, which was deemed too old. Management by Objective (MBO) is a system in which superiors would meet individually with each subordinate to discuss the subordinate’s performance and jointly establish clear and comprehensive objectives for the subordinate for the coming year. The advantage of MBO is that it makes employee responsible to the boss, but it also had some disadvantages such as it does not seek input from others in the organization, or sometime the boss’s assessment was difficult to be objective. ADP included six major steps. First, the appraising manager would ask for input from between three and six of the employee’s peers. Second, the appraising manager would ask for input from between three and six of employee’s subordinates. Third, employee would be requested to perform and submit a self-review. Fourth, the appraising manager would review all the submitted forms and prepare a formal assessment of employee before destroying all peer and subordinate reviews. Fifth, the manager and employee would meet to discuss about the written report. Sixth, these written objectives and plans would be summarized in a separate short form that would also include comments from the employee, manager, and manager’s boss. The best benefit coming from ADP was building functional, high performance team. However, ADP may expose the evaluation process to bias. Concerned about applying ADP in the Eastern Hemisphere, Lim worried that Asian people were not really as open as the Americans, or they might not believe in the confidentiality of the ADP system; hence, the change from MBO to ADP could be drastic. Sharon Send, a Human Resource officer thought that the young generation would accept ADP, but her concern also focused on the staff, especially long-time manager with a rigid view. Another problem was the language barrier, as some people did not speak English such as Korean, Taiwanese, Chinese and others. Translating these materials would be time-consuming and energy-consuming. When Lancaster asked others managers, many were of the opinion that ADP was not really appropriate at this time. However, lack of management strength inspired Lancaster to use ADP as a tool for developing people. In March 1996, Lancaster asked Anita Lim to develop an ADP implementation, by proposing a hybrid plan with an emphasis on both career planning and goal setting without 360 ° feedback. However, there were three options that Lancaster was concerned about. The first option was to do nothing because implementing ADP might take a huge effort in terms of training and development which could be better used in building sales and figuring out external market places. Besides, the money and infrastructure to arrange outside courses or in-house training program were limited. The second option was Lim’s hybrid ADP. The Eastern Hemisphere involved many cultures, thus step-wise introduction of ADP was the best way. The final option was fully going forward with ADP. Lancaster wanted a new high performance organizational culture with management strength, thus ADP was the best tool. The question was: What if ADP was imperfect?

Balance of Power Presidential

Introduction The government consists of three main branches that oversee the operations of a country. This partitioning of the government ensures that none of the branches exercises too much power. The president chairs the National Security Council that considers national security and foreign security policy matters. This happens together with senior national security advisors and the cabinet officials.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Balance of Power: Presidential – Congressional Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This can be seen to differ from the common myth that a President is extremely powerful. The Constitution gives the president and the Congress different roles in waging wars, though it remains unclear where one’s war begins and where the other one’s ends1. Analysis of the balance of Power between the President and the Congress in matters of National Security Policies As mentioned earlier, the Constitution shares the nation’s war powers between Congress and the president. Congress has the entire power of declaring war while the president remains the commander in chief of the armed forces, which means that the government entity that controls the operations of the military forces is the president. This shows the parts played for each one of the government entities, that is, the president and Congress2. In the case of a war, there will be both entities involved in making the decisions of when a war can be commenced, continued or stopped. In the policymaking, it remains clear that the president can command the military without congressional support only to fight against an attack. Declaration of war by Congress can be essential to wage an offensive. The War Powers Resolutions require that the president should report to Congress within two days after sending defense forces into a hostile environment. If the Congress does not declare war within si xty days against such a situation, the president should be expected to withdraw the military troops. The other balance of power comes through presidential veto that returns a bill that has already passed through the Congress. Most bills can be said to affect the running of a nation; thus, they are extremely important to the people of a country. The ability of Congress to pass a bill into a law is limited by the presidential veto power3. After Congress passes the bill, it goes to the president first, where he either signs it or sends it back. If the president sends it back, he must state his objections to the bill’s origin.Advertising Looking for coursework on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In case the president does not sign the bill in to law within 10 days (Sundays excluded), the bill shall become a law, unless Congress decides otherwise. The veto message usually consists of an explanation as to why he di smissed the bill, which he then sends to Congress and the entire nation. The other way to veto a bill can happen when Congress adjourns or takes a break officially, within the ten days that the president has had the bill4. Conclusion Through the above explanations, one can see that when sensitive policies that affect the national security become implemented, there are regulations that give the president and Congress various powers. These exists balance of power between the president and Congress such that none of the two can gain too much power over the nation. Separation of powers prevents tyranny, which can occur if one person has the power to make, implement, enforce or interpret the laws. The National Security Council, which consists of statutory and non- statutory members, ensures that the president and Congress follow the laws and policies. Bibliography Lucas, J. R. Balance of power. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association, 1998. Patterson, Richard North. Balance of power. New York: Ballantine Books, 2003. Sheehan, Michael. The balance of power: history and theory. New York: Routledge, 1996.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Balance of Power: Presidential – Congressional Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thurber, James A. Rivals of power: Presidential- Congressional relations. New York Cengage Learing, 2009. Footnotes 1 Richard North Patterson. Balance of power. New York: Ballantine Books, 2003, p. 23. 2 James A. Thurber. Rivals of power: Presidential- Congressional relations. New York: Cengage Learing, 2009, p. 18. 3 Michael Sheehan. The balance of power: history and theory. New York: Routledge, 1996, p. 45. 4 Lucas, J. R. Balance of power. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association, 1998, p. 71. This coursework on Balance of Power: Presidential – Congressional Relations was written and submitted by user Anya Kirby to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Facts About Prostate Cancer †Biology Research Paper

The Facts About Prostate Cancer – Biology Research Paper Free Online Research Papers The Facts About Prostate Cancer Biology Research Paper Introduction Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death of American men. Every year, 40 000 men will die due to this cancer. Consequently, there has been much research into the causes and treatments of cancer; however, no one is sure of what causes prostate cancer and why it happens. What is Prostate Cancer? The prostate gland is a small, egg-sized gland located in a man’s pelvis, below the bladder. This gland is responsible for producing a part of the fluid makes up semen. Prostate cancer begins when normal cells in the prostate gland transform into cancer cells; the reason behind this transformation is unknown. Prostate cancer is divided into 4 stages of development. In the first stage, the tumour is isolated within the prostate gland itself, and is hardly detectable. During the second stage, the tumour become noticeable, but is still isolated within the gland. The immediate surrounding organs are affect by the cancerous cells in the third stage. Finally, in the fourth stage, the cancerous cells invade the blood and lymph systems and spread to other parts of the body. Early prostate cancer is not associated with any particular set of symptoms. Some symptoms of late stage prostate cancer include blood in urine and semen, frequent or inability to urinate, pain during urination and ejaculation, and bone pain. Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer The diagnosis for prostate cancer is relatively simple. Many doctors will perform a DRE (Digital Rectal Examination) where a gloved and lubricated hand is inserted into the rectum to feel the shape and size of the prostate. The cancer is noticeable as a bump after the second stage of development. Other methods of testing for prostate cancer include a blood PSA level test. Prostate gland cells produce a protein called PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) where they are cancerous or not. Cancerous cells have a tendency to produce more PSA, however, and PSA levels elevate when cancer cells are present. PSA testing is not entirely reliable, largely due to the fact that as men age, the prostate gland increases in size and PSA levels tend to rise. Therefore, PSA testing tends to raise a lot of false alarms. The only actual way to diagnose cancer is through a biopsy. A small tissue of the prostate is obtained and examined for cancer. PSA and DRE tests only indicate if further testing is needed. Treatments of Prostate Cancer There are many ways to treat prostate cancer, ranging from old techniques to recent enhancements. Treatment of prostate cancer usually depends on the stage of cancer and its growth speed. Radiation Therapy One treatment of prostate cancer is through radiation therapy, which uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells, or shrink tumours. Sophisticated computer programs and 3-D images ensure the accurate targeting of tumours. A newer form of radiation therapy is Conformal Proton Beam Radiation Therapy, which uses proton particles instead of energy rays. This form of treatment has a number of side effects, but they usually disappear when the therapy is over. Brachytherapy is another form of radiation treatment where tiny pellets containing radioactive material are implanted into the prostate. In the prostate, they release radioactive waves and kill cancer cells. The implant of these pellets is guided by exact ultrasound techniques. Hormone Therapy Another popular form of treatment is hormone therapy. Hormone therapy does not cure cancer, but it is used to slow the growth of cancer and relieve symptoms of the patients. There are a number of different hormones used in hormone therapy, including estrogen, LH-RH (Leutenizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone) and antiandrogens. These hormones are administered to lower the production of testosterone or block the effect of male hormones on cancer cells, since it is known that male hormones, especially testosterone, has a stimulating effect on the growth of cancer cells. Surgery Surgery is another form of treatment that patients can choose. Surgical removal of the testes, or orchiectomy, can slow the growth of cancer, since the testes produce the bulk of testosterone. Like hormone therapy, the removal of testes cannot cure cancer. Unlike orchiectomy, surgical removal of the prostate, also known as radical prostatectory, can cure cancer. If the cancer is localized and contained within the prostate, the prostate can be removed to block the spread of cancer cells throughout the body. Advancements in technology have allowed for the reduction of side effects in this form of surgery. Alternative Methods Alternatives to the treatment options mentioned include cryosurgery and chemotherapy. Cryosurgery and chemotherapy aren’t as widely used as radical prostatectory or hormone therapy, because of the damage they can cause to normal cells. Cryosurgery is the treatment of localized cancer by freezing and destroying the prostate. There is renewed interest in this area, due to the technological advancements. Previously, there had been concerns of the damage to surrounding organs, since the freezing process involved temperatures as low as -195?C. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy cells. Drugs enter the body and destroy cells that divide rapidly, such as cancer cells. The problem with chemotherapy is that the drugs have no way of identifying cancer cells from normal body cells. Consequently, normal body cells may be affected, and chemotherapy is not as popular. Recent Findings Researchers are still trying to develop new and effective ways of diagnosing and treating cancer because of the unreliability of PSA testing and inadequate treatment options for many patients. In fact, recent research has found potential additions to the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Since PSA testing is still largely unreliable, there have been attempts to create a new test for diagnosing the disease. Researchers have found that cancer cells have 20 genes that are over-expressed. Roughly 95% of more than 300 prostate tissue samples with cancer contained the genes, and with the genes a specific protein. The protein, a-methyl-CoA racemase, or AMACR, could prove to be a useful addition to current diagnosing tools, if it turns out to be more accurate and reliable than PSA testing. AMACR has also been found in other types of cancer, such as breast, bladder, and lung cancer, suggesting that AMACR could be used in diagnosing those types of cancer as well. In addition, scient ists have succeeded in tracking the spread of prostate cancer in mice by using firefly proteins to light up tumours. By developing a virus-vector that targets cancer cells based on expressions of PSA, scientists were able to isolate prostate cancer cells in mice. The virus-vector contains firefly genes that produce a glowing protein in the presence of PSA. As a result, even small tumours glowed in the mice. Using this vector, scientists could theoretically deliver toxic genes to the cancer cells after isolating them; however, complications arise – the cameras that detect the light in mice cannot be used in humans. Therefore, the use of this virus-vector on humans could be delayed. Conclusion Although prostate cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, all this new development and research can only mean hope for patients. The existing techniques and the emergence of the new may mean that prostate cancer could be conquered in the near future. One can only hope that this dream will come to pass, precipitated by the amazing technological advancements of our time. 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Critically assess the arguments for and against adopting a stakeholder Essay

Critically assess the arguments for and against adopting a stakeholder perspective - Essay Example While the proponents of the shareholder perspective have their views so do the proponents of stakeholder perspective. In light of these two approaches, this paper will critically analyze the stakeholder perspective. First, the shareholder approach focused primarily on the owners or individuals holding the shares in the company with little regard of the rest. That is to say, all decisions were taken with the concerns of the owners first then others’ later. Conversely, the stakeholder perspective advocates for recognition of other organs in the business whose influence is also vital. These include the customers, employees, suppliers, governmental bodies and now the owners. According to the contents in Freeman’s book, the traditional shareholder was not only unhelpful to the owners but also to the business as well since it failed to address the customer needs (Miles 2012). Analysing this notion seems to reveal some truths in it though it also has some demerits, which could lead to negative impacts on the society. Lately, many companies have adopted stakeholder theory as a way of increasing profitability. The approach seeks to place the people seen as important to a business in a higher position (Miles 2012). That is to say, all actions taken by a corporate are focused on benefitting these people first. In this approach, the major people regarded highly include the owners, shareholders, customers, suppliers and in some case even competitors. Since this approach focuses on the most important stakeholder in the business- the customer to be precise- a number of benefits are evident. Freeman suggested that whenever a business applies the stakeholders even the shareholders’ interests are safeguarded. Additionally, when this approach is adopted, the business will last longer and even exhibit performance (Miles 2012). This is because businesses are able to analyze the needs by various stakeholders

Mobile commerce Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mobile commerce - Research Paper Example There is more to be done and areas to be covered so as to realize the potential benefits of global of M-commerce. Its constrains and threats should also be dealt with. The first M-commerce was conducted in 1997 in Helsinki, Finland. Two vending machines for Coca Cola that are mobile enabled were installed. Payments could be made through Short Message Service (SMS). The same year, Merita bank of Finland launched the first banking service that is done through SMS. The sale of digital content started when Radiolinja launched the first commercially downloadable ringtones in 1998. Two great milestones were launched in 1999. These are, Smart money in Philipines and NTT DoCoMos i-Mode in Japan. This is an internet service which offered a revenue-sharing plan between NTT DoCoMos i-Mode and the content owner. M-mobile spread rapidly in 2000. Payments for parking were made through mobile in Norway. This was extended to train ticketing in Australia and purchase of airline tickets in Japan. The potentiality of including medical applications to M-mobile was demonstrated by peter Bentley and UCL Computer Science in 2008 (Venkatesh et al, 2003). The basis for M-commerce is high speed internet connectivity. This is well provided by mobile phones and other mobile devices. Tarasewich (2003) points out that in M-commerce, there are websites called Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP) that are developed specifically for mobile devices and mobile phones. Websites that are enabled by WAP display catalogs of products available for users of mobile phones worldwide. M-commerce has overtaken E-commerce and E-business because mobile devices are easy to use, easily available, user friendly and lightweight. Therefore, M-commerce is simply E-commerce conducted over a mobile phone or other mobile device. M-commerce is more under the control of the customer because customization is possible. Customers can personalize their devices like mobile phones to receive what they want, how and when. It

Incorporating technology into the classroom Research Paper

Incorporating technology into the classroom - Research Paper Example The amount of refocused attention greatly depends on the type and amount of technology being presented (Anderson, 2008). However, this does not imply that the teacher has lost significance in the learning process. Students may be submerged in various technologies at home, but it is a wrong assumption that they are equipped to manipulate this technology for learning purposes. Guidance is essential in helping most students effectively use technology as a collaboration and learning digital tools. Podcasts can be an effective communication tool for highlighting upcoming school events and activities particularly scheduled ones. They also come handy in putting to spotlight the staff and student accomplishments. Testimonials from parents affirm that podcasts serve as a very effective communication tool. Podcasts can also be used for lessons. Students can be allowed to take home and listen again to a lesson or even missed classes. Further explanations can be given on the subject via podcasts. Programs are installed that link student’s work both in school and at home. That way, a student has access to notes and can print the notes from any internet connected. This aids in eliminating the need of physical files transfer and increasing accessibility. Teachers can give notes and assignments, and when a student is not in a position to attend school, they can access the lesson materials. This should however be used in caution since it can encourage absenteeism since students know they will eventually get the notes. Although many schools ban cell phones, few have embraced this readily available technology and utilized it as a tool for teaching. Students are instructed to register with their class teacher. Teachers can then send mass short messages to students for assignments, instructions and more (Eschenbrenner & Nah, 2007). Students are also allowed to take snapshots of the blackboard, access blogs by their teachers, download entire

Moving From Colleague To Supervisor

Moving From Colleague To Supervisor 1. Managers can use the wrong type of leadership because each team must use the appropriate strategy for management and leadership, which will create the most favorable conditions of the collective work. I think that in this situation the companies have poor socio-psychological climate. So, the relations with colleges and socio-psychological factors are the most important for the selecting of leadership style. However, exactly this area of management, which is linked to managers relationship with his subordinates, plays a key position in terms of the success of the head as a whole. No matter how talented and hard-working boss is, but if his efforts are not supported by his subordinates a result is unlikely to be particularly successful. It is evident that each manager chooses the style that best suits him for a specific company, and under his personality type. But here are some important tips that can be taken into account: the leader must understand that the company as a single organism. It lives according to certain laws both the general business laws, as well as their own, which exist only inside the company. It is therefore important to feel the unity of the company, and in accordance with this pick a style guide, which will be the most harmonious. In our case of Chery Kahn, Rob Carstons, and Linda McGee, who were promoted into management positions , the leaders must take into account the psychology of people who work with the leaders and remember that first of all people do the business! Any new leader faces with the question: what kind of management style to choose? There are different types of management: soft, hard, democratic or totalitarian. It is vitally important for the manager to choose the appropriate method of leadership in the particular company, taking into consideration the specific of the company and its team of employees. If the manager can not choose the style of company management, it means that he does not possess the necessary knowledge in the field of managing people. Such a person may be the best employee, but does not know the psychology of management and psychology of team leadership. Then the person can not become a member of the team and become its leader. In such a case a person must pass training on the management of company and personal effectiveness. Some assistance can provide the model F. Fiedler, that help to choose the management style. There are different leaders: the head who is task oriented, and the head who is focused on interpersonal relations. Using special tools installed, future manager can decide what type of leader he belongs to. This and other training and techniques can help to select the desired style of management, and follow it. (Bennis, W 1998) 3. Leadership is an art, it requires professionalism, intelligence and specific skills. There are such types as authoritarian style, democratic, passive and individualized. It is clear that each manager chooses the style that best suits him for a specific company, and under your personality type. But here are some important tips that can be taken into account: The leader must understand that the company is as a single organism, it lives according to certain laws both the general business laws, as well as their own, which exist only inside the company. It is therefore important to feel the unity of the company, and in accordance with this pick a style guide, which will be the most harmonious. It is important to remember that nothing stands still, everything is moving and changing. The head also should not stand still, he should grow up, get additional education, constantly learn new things and innovate in the company. Then it will keep pace with rapidly changing times and avoid stagnation. Therefore, the selected style guide should take into account the need for changes in the company. Consider the psychology of people who work with the leader. Remember that business is people first, and only then technology. Therefore, for any manager its important to pick a team that everyone was not only in its place, but also successfully coped with their responsibilities and was able to more effectively reach their potential, because it depends on the success of the company. (Tittemore 2003) So, I must conclude that when selecting the style of leadership, future leaders must take into account the psychological features of the team. Â  In the companies where work Chery Kahn, Rob Carstons, and Linda McGee there is some conspiracy, when people are polite, but there is no sincere relationship, people hide their views. In such a team leader Chery Kahn, Rob Carstons, and Linda McGee does not know how to resolve conflicts, reach consensus not developed loyalty to the staff team and the manager. Teams do not have mutual understanding and trust between employees, which means integrity and honesty with concern for the good of everyone. Therefore, I think that when choosing the leadership style, managers first need to find common goals: To achieve personal understanding;Â   Seek opportunities for regular joint problem-solving; To establish trust between employees and teams. (Adams and Shields, 1994) If to consider the current cases of Chery Kahn, Rob Carstons, and Linda McGee, who were promoted into management positions, I think they need to select a democratic style of governance, which is characterized by the distribution of authority, initiative and responsibility between the manager and deputy, the leader and subordinates. are the main characteristics of the style: manager always seeks the views of staff on important industrial issues, but takes decisions as a body; communication with subordinates is in the form of requests, suggestions, recommendations, advice, rewards for quality and operational work, friendly and polite, if necessary apply orders; the head tries to stimulate a favorable psychological climate in the team, defends the interests of subordinates. (Tittemore 2003) I think that this management style will help managers to improve relations in the team and become good leaders. 4. Promotion of employees to leadership position as well as a new outsider leader can be important news in the company, and always a change in the team. The staff and employees may not always well react on promotions of colleagues. In such a situation it becomes difficult to establish relationships between employees and the new leader. But if the new manager came from another company, it is even harder to become a leader, because he does not know the team, does not know the rules of the company and its climate. He needs to learn everything and adapt to new conditions, and choose a style of leadership. So I believe that promotion within the company is more successful. First of all, the new head already knows his subordinates, he knows the psychological climate of the company. In this situation, head should better choose a democratic style of management, and to remain on friendly terms with the team, but do not become an authoritarian leader, that may spoil relations with the colleges.

The Iliad of Homer and Greek Heroes Essay -- essays research papers

The Iliad is an epic tale of war and hero’s within the Greek way of life. A predominant and consistent theme of honor and glory reside throughout the poem. The motivation for any Homeric Greek is glory, or â€Å"Kleos†, that is to be honored and respected among their people. Emphasis is put on living by the heroic code. Honor is essential to the Greeks and life would not be worth living without it. When a warrior or hero is advised to avoid risking their life in battle it almost drives them even further towards the deed. It is better to be killed in action rather than to live and be thought a coward. By our rational standards one would certainly not be thought a coward if they didn’t rush into battle to almost certain death, the Greeks however, live by a different set of rules, a different set of standards and a different set of goals. The objective of attaining Kleos was the centerpiece of life. Kleos could only be attained beating your opponent, it could not be won if it’s offered voluntarily or as a dowry . On the flip side of the pursuit of glory and respect, is the avoidance of shame and humility for not taking part in war or not risking your life. To be shamed in life is far, far worse than to be killed in battle. A Homeric warrior would be greatly shamed if he were to turn his back on a battle or confrontation even if he is certain that if he fights, he will die. To you and I, this seems ridiculous and outright offensive to common sense and logic but such thoughts didn’t exist in those days, it was all about glory, it was all about respect. If you ran from battle you might as well keep running because you will be looked upon as a failure, as a scab, as an embarrassment to the native land and your family. You could be disowned, you could be exiled, or you can even be killed. It’s unfortunate in fact that such high standards were placed of the hero’s in this poem. Many great men perished during the Trojan war because it was not in their wishes to conceive defeat and fall back, they had to fight to the death, it was the only way. The hero often finds himself in â€Å"kill or be killed† situations where they are fighting their opponents will and desire for glory and their loathing and unacceptability of shame. When a battle took place, it was one on one. One hero vs. another, one man and his resume of victorie... ...willingly sacrifice the chance to live a long life for the opportunity to attain Kleos and their desperate desire to avoid Shame. Burial rights are taken especially seriously in Ancient Greek times, and Hektors family would feel particular shame if he was not to be taken back to his homeland and cremated properly. They went to great length and expense to retrieve his body after Achilleus allowed it. Shame and Kleos ran their lives, and the lives of those around them. These heroes pledged to a life long ambition to bring honor to themselves and avoid any smearing of their good name. The moral values were based on this acceptance and the society adapted. There was nothing more important than these two aspects of life; it was all that was important, and all that was on the agenda. This is how the Ancient Greeks and Trojans fought this war; by the very fabric of their lives they would do what they deemed necessary to satisfy their need for glory. And thus, a select few, till this day have their name sketched in history books as great warriors, and great men. That is precisely what they hoped for, and precisely what they got. To the victor, go the spoils.

Mkt Plan-Popcorn Store in Hk

1. 0 Executive Summary We are preparing to open a popcorn specialty shop in Hong Kong, the Pop Popcorn Shop. Hong Kong is a famous international tourism city and it successfully received more than 42 million tourists in the past year. Hong Kong has its unique culture and the Hong Kong film culture is one of the most remarkable one. Therefore, our Pop Popcorn Shop will closely integrated with the Hong Kong film culture, and create a well-known local brand image, which can attractive to local residents who like to eat popcorn or like to see movies, and the tourists who interest in the Hong Kong culture or movies.We can effectively compete with other popcorn store because we offer a high quality, various tasty flavors, as well as healthy popcorn with value price to consumers. More importantly, we provide customize service, which customers can make their own flavor popcorn and even the packages according to their preference. The particular customize service as well as the film culture br and image is our two brightest spots, which can make us distinguish with other competitors and become our distinct competencies.The marketing objective in the first year is to build up our brand awareness through our various marketing communication methods and we will continue to focus on increasing our brand equity in the next two years. The primary financial objectives are to achieve first-year sales revenue of HKD1,580,000 (USD 203,820) and reach profitability. The revenue will be expected to increase by 12% in the second year and 15% in the third year. 2. 0 Service Description Popcorn is a popular  snack food  at sporting events and in  cinemas, where it has been served since 1914.Hong Kong, a dynamic Asian metropolis that attracts numerous tourists and businessmen, global or Asian, every year, has been deeply influenced by the western movie culture and gradually developed it very own local movie culture, which is a robust branch of Hong Kong local culture, leading Hong Ko ng to be such a huge market for film industry. Benefiting from this significantly growing movie market and the saying that popcorn is always the best company in theaters, Hong Kong would be our ideal place that gives us incentive to locate our Pop Popcorn Shop in this prosperous city.Specifically, our popcorn shop will be opened at Langham Place, one of the most popular shopping mall located in the very heart of Hong Kong, which has a magical gravitation that attracts numerous local residents and tourists. Moreover, with its world-class equipment, fascinating settings, and consensus images of fashion, the UA cinema at the 8th floor in Langham Place is the nearly the most popular movie theater that has not only the highest attendance rate but also the best box office in Hong Kong.Thus, the needs from the people who are going to a movie in UA cinema would be so huge that can be a large target market, waiting our popcorn specialty store to satisfy. In addition, our specialty store, Pop Popcorn, not only aims to offer high-quality, various tasty flavors, as well as healthy popcorn with value price to consumers, but also provides customized service that customers can make their own flavors popcorn and even design their own popcorn packages, as well as customize their distinctive popcorn tins.Moreover, nine regular flavors popcorn will be provided in Pop Popcorn — sugar, buttery, caramel, cheese, chocolate, barbecue, rainbow, spicy, and mustard — which is a wide range from classic flavor to popular special flavors. Additionally, two different packages, bags or tins, with five different sizes — small, medium, large, 1 gallon, or 2 gallon — would be offered to our customers to select. Essentially, the most distinctive feature of Pop Popcorn will be the combination of popcorn and Hong Kong local movie culture.In our shop, everything is about film. From the in-store decoration, display of popcorn, our staff costume, to the packing of our popc orn are all designed based on the characteristics of Hong Kong local movies. Above all, customers can also design the packing of their popcorn with one of their favorite movies, which can be a wonderful souvenir from themselves, as well as a distinctive gift for their friends. 3. 0 SWOT Analysis 3. 1 Strengths 1. Exclusive location — Langham Place is one of the most famous shopping mall located in the very heart of Hong Kong.It has attracted numerous local residents and tourists. Specifically, the UA cinema at the 8th floor in Langham Place is the one of the most popular movie theater that has not only the highest attendance rate but also the best box office in Hong Kong. 5 This exclusive location will provide an intense collection with our target customers. 2. Distinctive decorations and packaging design of our shop – In Pop Popcorn Shop, everything is relative to films. The film elements in our store will generate one the most significant points-of-difference compare to other popcorn stores. 3.Various tasty and even customized flavors of popcorn – Pop popcorn store will regularly provide nine flavors of popcorn to the customers. More important, we will be the first popcorn shop to provide customized flavors service. 3. 2 Weaknesses 1. Brand awareness — As a new popcorn shop, we would not have much brand awareness and brand equity at the very beginning. 2. Customer accession — Regarding to those customers who are going to a movie, our shop location will not be the most convenient place for them to buy popcorn compared to the snack store located inside the theater.It’s one of the disadvantages when we compete with the snack stores inside the theaters. 3. 3 Opportunities 1. Film culture is one of the most prominent characteristics of Hong Kong culture. There is a large amount of movie fans in Hong Kong. 2. Popcorn is known as the best partner for movies, the constantly flourishing of film industry in Hong Kong will lead to an explosion of needs of popcorn. 3. Hong Kong is an international prosperous city, many local residents has a relatively high disposable income. . The continue growth of tourists in Hong Kong, especially the tourists from Mainland China, as well as the their strong consumption power. 3. 4 Threats Competition is a dynamic process that our competitors would also switch their strategies that may lead to some turnover marketing circumstances. Based on the analysis of our target market, there may be three potential situations, which can be threats to our popcorn shop. 1. Other brand-famous popcorn stores may expand their locations.Since one of our essential strengths is our location in Langham Place, if other brand-famous popcorn shops also have inclination about expanding to the location near our shop, it would be a threat for us. 2. With the growing popularity of popcorn, the snack stores locate inside the theaters may provide more flavors popcorn to the customers. 3. There is oth er more tasty and healthier alternative snacks for customers when they have a movie. 4. 0 Target Markets Generally speaking, the people who like to eat popcorn will be our target customers.Specifically, based on geographic segmentation, local residents and tourists of Hong Kong would be our target market that deserve our fully concentration on developing our own customer bases, as well as establishing our very brand awareness. 4. 1 Local residents who like popcorn or movies 1. Typical users Geographically, those Hong Kong people who live in the urban area–New Territories and Kowloon–would be our major typical users. In 2011, around 45% of the Hong Kong population is living in New Territories and around 30% of them lives in Kowloon.Demographically, those local residents, female or male, who are about 15-44 years old with average monthly income more than HKD10,000 or monthly spending more than HKD200 on snack food can be identified as our typical users. Additionally, peo ple who will go to theater for movies more than four times a month will be defined as our heavy users. 2. Size and growth of this target market In 2011, the population in HK was about 7,067,800, and the average population growth rate had increased by 0. 72% compare to 2005.In terms of population of our target market, the amount of population of 15-44 years old is around 3,135,300, which accounts for 44. 4% of the total population. 3 In the recent years, the film industry in Hong Kong is booming. Regarding to the film industry in Hong Kong, in 2010, the box office gross was HKD1,339 billion, and, in 2011, this number grew to HKD1. 379 billion. The total number of films that released in 2011 was 276, which included 56 Hong Kong local films and 220 foreign films. In addition, the number of attendance was 87,517 and the attendance rate was 75. % in 2011. Moreover, according to a survey co-conducted by the University of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Picture Industry Association in 2008, 58. 3% of those people who went to a movie would buy various amount of popcorn as their â€Å"companies† for the next 120 minutes at the theater. 3. The real â€Å"buyer† in this target market The real â€Å"buyer† of our product is mainly the same as our typical users. However, the male customers may account for a larger amount of them. Because when a couple goes to see a movie, the male will usually be the one who pends his money on the popcorn and share it with the female, given in the Hong Kong culture. 4. Main characteristics of this target market Our typical customers’ main characteristics can be described on two fronts. First, these people are deeply influenced and attracted by the film culture in Hong Kong, which is one of the most fundamental branches of the Hong Kong local culture. Second, according to the data from Census and Statistics Department Hong Kong, among the people who is 18-44 years old, the average monthly income of them is HKD13,600. 5. Reasons why this target market is attractiveEvidently, there are two main reasons why these typical users of us, who are the 15-to-44-year-old local residents with over-average incomes, will be substantially attractive to our popcorn specialty store. Firstly, these typical users have been living in Hong Kong for some years that they may be fundamentally influenced by Hong Kong local culture, especially by the film culture in Hong Kong. Loving movies can be a major incentive for them to be willing to spend money to have movie in theaters. And popcorn, as one of the most ideal companies in theaters, can be one the last things our target market want to miss.Secondly, these young residents have relatively open-minded customer awareness, easier to accept new brands that have distinctive brand images. Moreover, they are relatively high-income citizens living at a fashion lifestyle city and willing to spend more on snacks or recreations. 4. 2 Tourists 1. Typical users in this target market Geographically, tourists form Mainland China will be our target customers, especially who are from 4 main cities in China – Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Beijing and Shanghai. Demographically, the tourists between 15-44 years old, male or female will be defined as our target customers. 2.Size and growth of this target market In 2011, Hong Kong received record-high visitors from around the world, which was totally 41,921,310, a remarkable increased by 16. 4% over 2010. Tourism generated value added of HKD 74. 6 billion in 2010 and the inbound tourism accounted for the largest share of the value added of tourism, which was HKD 59. 2 billion. Compared with 2005, this value added increased by an average annual rate of 12. 5%. Among various incomes generated from the inbound tourism, food and beverage services had HKD 6,300 millions value added in 2011. 2. The real â€Å"buyer† in this target marketThe real â€Å"buyers† are tourists, who may buy our popcorn as a souvenir or a gift for themselves, as well as for their friends. It indicates that the buyer may not be the actual user in this target market. However, we will put more attention to advertise our shop among the female tourists, since the female tourists are usually more interested in shopping and buying souvenirs. 3. Main characteristics of this target market Firstly, most of them are from Asia, especially from Mainland China. In 2011, Mainland China continued to be the largest visitor source market of Hong Kong, contributed 28. million arrivals, accounting for 67. 0% of total arrivals in Hong Kong. 7 Secondly, mid July to end August are always the most intense period for tourists to visit Hong Kong. Also, regarding to the life-cycle stage segment of overnight vacation visitors in Hong Kong, approximately 36% of the visitors are families with children, 20% of them are young single male or female, 12% of them are young couples, and 7% of them are young students. Moreover, these visitors, 15-44 years old, which will be our target customers, account for 75% of our total visitors of Hong Kong in 2011. 4. Reasons why this target market is attractive Firstly, the number of tourists is remarkably substantial and this number is increasing every year. The appreciation of most major currencies against Hong Kong dollar and the improving travel sentiment have fueled the impressive performance. 7 For the short-haul market, benefiting for the Individual Visit Scheme, which the Central Government has announced that residents from certain cities are allowed to visit Hong Kong as tourists in their personal capacity, tourism in Hong Kong is developing significantly every year.In 2011, the coverage of the Scheme has expanded to 49 cities in China since the first introduced on in 2003. 9 That means the tourists form Mainland China will continue to increase substantially. For the long-haul markets, arrivals recorded a 1. 7% increase. In particular, the United States remained the largest long -haul market with 1. 2 million arrivals in 2011, representing a 3. 5% increase. 7 Secondly, the tourists, especially those who are from Mainland China, have such a robust consumption capacity. From the source of Hong Kong Tourism Board, in 2011, the total tourism expenditure associated to inbound tourism is HKD 253. billion, which had a significant 20. 5%, increase by 2010. 8 Specifically, the average spending of the visitors from Mainland China was HKD 8,220 in 2011, which has a 10. 3% increase by 2010. 9 5. 0 Competitive Analysis 5. 1 Direct Competitor Our direct competitor will be the Garrett Popcorn Shop Hong Kong, which is a famous popcorn store overseas. Garrett is located at the International Financial Center Mall Hong Kong, where is in the central business district in Hong Kong. The IFC Mall has lots of luxury shops inside and it focus on targeting to the high-income customers. 1.The strengths and weaknesses of Garrett First, Garrett has a high reputation overseas due to its long history and consistent high quality of fresh popcorn. That is, the global brand famousness of Garrett Popcorn would be so pervasive that would attract large amount of foreign customers who is working currently at Hong Kong. Second, after concentrating on popcorn industry for more than 60 years, Garrett has already developed its very own secret recipes to mix into popcorn, like The Chicago Mix, Caramel Crisp, and CheeseCorn. These famous flavors popcorn are another stunning strength of Garrett.However, some weaknesses of Garrett Popcorn Hong Kong have been exposed to the public, which may turn to be our opportunities. According to the OpenRice, which is a popular users review and local cuisine recommendation website, based on 5 aspects include taste, environment, service, hygiene, and value for money, Garrett Hong Kong scores only 3. 8 of 5. 0 based on  the customers’ ratings. The negative reviews are mainly about the service and the value of money. Many customers comp lained about the unfriendly staff and the too expensive popcorn. 2. Our strategies to compete with GarrettBased on the analysis about Garrett Hong Kong’s strengths and weaknesses, our competing strategies can be elicited in three fronts. First is about different shop location setting that we would focus on popular shopping mall rather than luxury shopping center. Second is our popcorn price setting that would be average 20% lower than Garrett. Third is the customized services provided by us, which will customers to create their own flavor popcorn and packages. Moreover, we will pay more attention to select and train our staffs and thus provide very friendly service to customers. . 2 Indirect Competitors The indirect competitors of us will be the snack stores locate inside the theaters, which can also provide popcorn to our target customers. 1. The strengths and weaknesses of the snack store inside the theaters Firstly, it’s the most convenient location for the customer s who are going to see a movie – most of these snack store are just steps away from the theater. Secondly, the popcorn price is relatively low compare to our store. However, their weaknesses are also obviously when compare to our popcorn specialty store.Almost all of these stores just provide the sugar flavor popcorn to the customers. The very limit flavor choice and relatively low quality of popcorn are their biggest disadvantages. Additionally, these stores are usually put little effort on marketing communication with customers. 2. Our strategies to complete with the snack stores inside the theaters Evidently, our strategies to compete with these indirect competitors can be, firstly, providing discounts or advocating promotions to the customers who have a movie ticket.For example, the customers can get 10% off in our store when they present us the movie ticket on the same day. Secondly, we will implement various campaigns that strongly advertise our fascinating tasty popcor n with multiple flavors and high quality, framing an image that our target customers can have a box of satisfying popcorn with a reasonable price. 5. 3 Potential competitors The potential competitors of our popcorn shop can be defined as those snack grocery stores that can offer alternatives snacks to popcorn. Although there are various kinds of snack food with even cheaper prices in those grocery tores, however, if a customer is looking something fresh or special rather than something bland when he/she is going to a movie, these grocery stores would soon to become the very last place to satisfy him/her. Thus, regarding to our target customers, we can pay efforts in marketing communication that utilizes mass medias to frame that fresh popcorn is the best choice for movies, especially the fresh popcorn with customized flavors we exclusively provided. 6. 0 Pricing Strategies 6. 1 Pricing Strategy 1. Pricing objective — The pricing objective of Pop Popcorn Specialty Store is pro duct-quality leadership.Consistent with our store’ s marketing strategy and brand positions, the message that we seek to communicate is that we offer high quality, various tasty flavors, as well as healthy popcorn with value price. 2. Unit cost and margins — The total cost of our product will include fixed cost and variable cost. Since the various cost of raw materials are relatively low, while the cost of rent and salary is relatively high in Hong Kong. The cost of per popcorn will be lower when more popcorn has been made per day. Thus, in our price structure, the raw materials per unit cost is estimated approximately 15% of the total cost. . Competitors’ price structure comparison — Garrett Popcorn Hong Kong provides 5 flavors and 6 sizes of popcorn to the consumer. The price is quite different based on different flavors, the average price of the Garrett’s popcorn is — small HKD52, medium HKD76, large HKD96, jumbo HKD164, 1 gallon HKD334, and 2 gallon HKD639. On the other hand, nearly all of the snack stores in theater in Hong Kong just provide the sugar flavor popcorn, and the price is around HKD15 for small, HKD25 for medium, and HKD30 for large size. 4.Pricing methods — Base on the company cost, competitors cost, and customer demand, we will use the perceived-value pricing method to select our product price. In addition, based on our product-quality pricing object, we will seek to create an image that emphasizes our high-quality product with value price brand to consumer. Due to our location rent and less brand awareness, our average price will be about 20% lower than Garrett popcorn price. While our average price will be 25% higher than snack stores in theater since our store is excel in making arious tasty flavors popcorn. 6. 2 Price Structure 1. Our price list 2. Special offers In order to encourage sales we will provide access for certain customers to special prices. Such as special customer priceâ€⠀œcustomers can get 10% off in our store when they present us the movie ticket on the same day. Also, we will have a frequency reward program–membership cards which can collect points and use the points as cash to purchase popcorn in our store. Meanwhile, we will provide coupon in the special festival to our customers. 7. 0 Channels of DistributionInitially, Pop Popcorn will use a direct-to-consumer distribution model – our own specialty store and website, to determine our channels of distribution. 7. 1 Specialty store in Langham Place Pop Popcorn Specialty Store will locate in the first floor at Langham Place. The reasons why we choose this location can be evidenced on two fronts. Firstly, Langham Place Mall, located in the very heart of Hong Kong, is a quintessential 15-storey fashionable landmark and one of the most popular shopping malls for both local residents and tourists.Secondly, the UA cinema at the 8th floor in Langham Place is the nearly the most popular mo vie theater that has not only the highest attendance rate but also the best box office in Hong Kong. Thus, being located first floor in Langham Place, we can have an exclusive advantage to build up an intense connection with a large amount of our target customers. Not only the people who are shopping in the Langham Place can easily purchase our popcorn, but also the people who will go to see movies. As we mention about, everything is about film in Pop Popcorn Shop.The decoration style in our shop will be full of the film elements. As well as our staffs’ uniform. Buoyed by researches, which suggest that as much as 70 percent to 80 percent of purchase decisions are made inside the retail store, firms are increasingly recognizing the importance of influencing consumers at the point of purchase. Regarding to our popcorn shop, especially because of our low brand awareness at the very beginning, not only the display of our popcorn is important, but also our salespeople is essential for leading customers’ purchase decisions.On the other hand, when the consumers know our brand and come to purchase popcorn, salespeople may also play an important role to provide a very best purchase experience to these customers. Thus, lots of attention will be paid to manage our sales force through the selection, recruitment, training, motivation, compensation and evaluation sections in order to provide our customers the very best salespeople, who are sophisticated in customer service and fascinated by Pop Popcorn’s brand culture. 7. 2 Pop Popcorn’s own websiteThe very own attractive and interesting website of Pop Popcorn will provide a substantially rich source of our store and product information, including our featured popcorn, distinctive customized service about the flavor popcorn and packages, etc. Moreover, various of promotions, membership activities, and latest movies news, trials, especially those information about local Hong Kong movies can be fou nd on Pop Popcorn’s website, in order to establish its very own brand awareness that combines fresh tasty popcorn with Hong Kong film culture.In addition, our user-friendly and security purchase system in the website provides a convenient way for consumers to purchase our popcorn no matter for themselves or for their friends as a gift. 8. 0 Marketing Communications Pop Popcorn’s marketing communication strategy will, initially, endeavor to establish our very own brand awareness among our target customers in order to develop our customer base. Essentially, the message that Pop Popcorn aims to communicate is that it offers high quality, various tasty flavors, as well as healthy popcorn with value price.In addition, there are various efficient approaches for us to convey this message to our target customers, which includes the own website of Pop Popcorn, online and offline advertising, sales promotions, interactive marketing and event and experience campaigns. 8. 1 Pop Po pcorn Website The Pop Popcorn Web site focus on providing a rich source of product information with a fascinating website typography and design. Specifically, various information about our popcorn flavors, customized tin services, or promotions would be easily accessed to our customers in the website.In addition, the Pop Popcorn website will also provide a user-friendly purchase system for customers to order their popcorn online, so that they easily purchase our popular flavors popcorn or their customize flavor popcorn for themselves and their friends. 8. 2 Advertising 1. Online advertising Since one segmentation of our target customers is the local residents who likes to eat popcorn or likes to see movie, we will focus on put our online advertisement on the film websites, where the movie lovers usually browse and access to film information.Also, advertising Pop Popcorn in the local popular video websites, like Youtube and Tudou, which has huge traffics would be an extraordinary way to establish our brand awareness, creating customers’ craving for our popcorns. Meanwhile, in order to cover another group of our target customers–tourists, websites about travel guides, travellers’ reviews, and travelling recommendations about Hong Kong will also be our prior choices to place our online advertisements.We will seek to communicate that Pop Popcorn Specialty Store is one of the last things tourists want to miss when they travel in Hong Kong. 2. Offline advertising We will put our advertisement on the magazines that our target customers usually like to read, such as food magazines, film magazines, and travel magazines. Also, we will post outdoor advertising at the famous shopping places, where are popular to tourists and local residents — especially the shopping malls that have theater inside. 8. 3 Sales PromotionsIn order to stimulate our short-run sales at the very beginning and build our long-run brand equity, we will offer multiple sale s promotions to consumers. We will focus on giving away our popcorn samples because this consumer franchise-building promotion can provide a chance for customers to try our tasty popcorn. Also, we will offer coupons to encourage purchase of larger-size units and attract switchers away from competitors’ brands. Moreover, a frequency rewards program will be provided to customers in order to show our appreciation to them and increase their brand loyalty. . 4 Social Media With the pervasive development of social medias, we will create our official account or page on the popular social networks, like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and Pinterest, which will ultimately be a major platform for us to collect customer views and interact with customers, as well as a major platform for us to frequently update our news and upcoming promotions. 8. 5 Events and Experiences Pop Popcorn will establish a membership organization and focus on creating our own events and experience to create consumer and media interest and involvement.For example, we will organize gratuitous film talks for our members to share their movie reviews, and other relative events. At the same time, we will try to sponsor and cooperate with local film production companies. The Hong Kong films are typically low-budget when compared with American films. 3 So it’s possible that we can sponsor some local films with low cost. Since film culture is one of the most prominent characteristics of Hong Kong culture, cohering Pop Popcorn with Hong Kong film industry will not only help us to develop a large customer base of movie fans and tourists, but also increase our brand equity. . 0 Budgets for 3 Years 9. 1 Revenue Forecast The revenue forecast in the first year will be HKD 1,580,000(USD 203,820) after the relatively large amount of expenditure on marketing communication. Being boosted by the online and offline advertisements, as well as our very own established brand awareness, the revenue forecast sho uld be expectedly increasing by 12% in the second year and increasing by 15% in the third year. 9. 2 Product Cost The variable costs include the popcorn kernel, flavoring and other relative supplies will account for 20% of the total sales revenue.The fixed costs include salary, rent and facilities. Specifically, the salary will be increased by 6% per year in order to maintain the staff's’ satisfaction. The rent of our store will remain the same in three years according to the contract, and the facilities expense is a one-time expenditure, which refers to the costs on the popcorn machines and the store renovation cost. 9. 3. Marketing Communication Expense Related to the marketing programs described in the previous section, our marketing communication expense included six aspects.The cost of building our own website will be relatively large in the first year. The online advertising budget will increase by 10% per year while offline advertising budget will decrease by 10% per y ear. The mainly cost of sales promotions are for free popcorn samples and printed coupons, which will decrease by 5% per year. On the other hand, the social media communication budget will increase by 20% and the events budget will increase by 15% per year since we will dedicate to have a border and deeper relationship with our customers. 9. 4 Total Budget for 3 Years 10. Reference Citations

Comparing The Deserter by Winifred M Letts and The Hero by Siegfried Sassoon Essay Example

Comparing The Deserter by Winifred M Letts and The Hero by Siegfried Sassoon Essay Example Comparing The Deserter by Winifred M Letts and The Hero by Siegfried Sassoon Paper Comparing The Deserter by Winifred M Letts and The Hero by Siegfried Sassoon Paper Essay Topic: Literature Both poems are during the period of war. Each of these two poems is talking about a certain person during the war time, whether he was seen as great man or an ignorant abandoner, both poems relate to a significant person. From the beginning of the story, we can already separate which one is seen as a hero and who is seen as unforgiving. The two poems begin with a completely different tones; one is delightful, but The Deserter starts already in the first verse with an unnamed man and the reader already sees him as worthless and unimportant. In The Deserter there is a clear sign of repetition in the verses 4 to 5, so as to emphasis the faults that this nameless man committed and show his mistakes in a deeper aspect. During the entire poem, the man is described as a frightened child and is seen as a hare, which is the animal at the bottom of a food chain, nonetheless worthless and unimportant. The colours described in this poem are dark, signs of death and abandon, of fear and darkness, where grey is the most dominant. Yet again, in verses 24 to 25, a repetition of an English bullet in his heart shows that the author is feeling a sense of betrayal by this lost man and how he must have left his troops and men behind, dependent on him all along. Betrayal during war times war unacceptable, yet quite frequent. This poem enables us to see that even though this happened rather often, deserting the field was seen as offensive act. In Verse 16, the author mentions the fear of death that many soldiers had at the time; it seems that it is something which is dishonourable even though it is only natural for a man to fear death and what is beyond. In this poem, it seems that whatever the deserter does, even if it is a simple action; the author will view it as wrong and judge him furthermore for his previous actions. When the author describes the mothers reactions to his death, it is seen as ironic and a rather dark humour against the young fellow yet again. It seems that even his own mother would be distraught if she knew the about his sons death. It feels unfair for the reader to see this but the poem ends on a rather unsatisfying note. The author places the deserter into a deserters grave, a place where only the worthless people settle and is not worth any visiting. The Hero is a poem that is different to The Deserter in many ways. Even if in the two poems, the authors are describing soldiers from the war, their faiths are completely different and the authors attitude towards them also is. From the beginning the author sees the death of this young man a tragedy rather than deliverance and he does not criticise his actions rather than his personality. The poem immediately starts with the mothers reaction to the young mans death, whereas The Deserter ended on that point. When the mother says that she is so proud of how her son dies, it shows how moved she is by his death and how even though she is full of sadness, she cannot help but to be proud. But as the poem continues the tone slowly becomes more pessimistic and ironic than at the start. The writer describes how the officer lied about the entire ordeal and mimics the mothers sadness. The writer has had a drastic change of view from the beginning and now the dead soldier is no longer seen as glorious but rather pathetic, and the mother is seen as rather modest. This poem also ends on a slightly awkward note, explaining that no one cared about the way this young man perished except that lonely woman with white hair, showing somehow that she is the only woman that ever cared for her son. In both poems, the mothers are the ones that play the role of the appearing parent, this is most probably because mothers are seen as more sensitive and they are more patient towards the wait for their sons news. Both stories end, with the mother proud, even though neither of the parents truly knows what happened to their sons. The two poems are quite ironic in a way and set an uncomfortable ending, something which keeps the readers on edge. Both poems successfully show us the difficulties of the war, and for many soldiers, it was terribly hard to deal with and many suffered and simply wished to travel back home or disappear from the battle field.

Marijuanna a question essays

Marijuanna a question essays Fewer Coloradans have signed up for the state's medical-marijuana program than expected but officials say the pace may increase in coming months. Ninety-nine Coloradans are legally smoking marijuana with their doctor's approval under the state's 7-month-old Medical Marijuana Registry program. The figure is well behind its projected pace of 700 applicants in the first 12 months, but registry administrator Gail Kelsey said a similar program in Oregon picked up steam after six months. Posted by FoM on January 02, 2002 at 16:54:12 PT Like any war, the War on Drugs has its good soldiers a varied bunch, coming from all walks of life and filling all ranks. They include eager volunteers, from the drug czars at the top of the command chain to the beat cops, Drug Enforcement Administration and Customs Service agents out in the field. The war also has reluctant conscripts, such as state and federal judges compelled by mandatory minimum sentencing rules to enforce laws that many see as counterproductive and unjust. Posted by FoM on January 02, 2002 at 16:12:25 PT Last spring, the Chicago City Council decided "to crack down on wild rave parties that lure youngsters into environments loaded with dangerous club drugs, underage drinking and sometimes predatory sexual behavior," as the Chicago Tribune put it. The newspaper described raves as "one-night-only parties often held in warehouses or secret locations where people pay to dance, do drugs, play loud music, and engage in random sex acts." Taking a dim view of such goings-on, the city council passed an ordinance threatening to jail building owners or managers who allowed raves to be held on their property. Posted by FoM on January 02, 2002 at 15:33:45 PT ...

Average Cost Curves Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Average Cost Curves - Case Study Example These critical business decisions will be made with the help of Average Cost Curves. These graphs will convey information about optimum production levels and the most beneficial expansion scheme. Total Average Cost is the average fixed cost plus the average variable cost. The Short Run Average Cost (SRAC) is the average cost of the product when at least one input variable remains fixed. This is usually the building or the plant used in manufacturing. The Long Run Average Cost (LRAC) is the average cost over a longer time period when all input variables have changed. It takes into account new plants, buildings, and large capital investments. Though these curves will vary depending on the individual product and situation, for a successful business they will almost always assume the same general shape. The shape of the SRAC curve and the LRAC curve are influenced by the changing input variables plotted against differing production levels. As Acme begins production, the cost of the first few units is heavily influenced by the fixed costs such as the lease on the building. The graph will start at a high average cost per unit. As they increase production levels, the fixed costs become spread out over more units and the SRAC begins to fall. At this point, the graph will begin to slope downward as the quantity rises. The SRAC will continue to decrease as production increases toward full capacity, as both fixed and variable (due to material volume) cost per unit declines. This period of declining SRAC is known as the economy of scale. When the factory has reached full capacity, its resources are being optimised and the total average cost per unit has reached a minimum. Manufacturing beyond this point will begin to increase the average cost as variable costs rise, and the process will enter a period of diseconomy of scale. Added expenses such as temporary labour, overtime, and additional management are a few of the factors that can contribute to the rising variable cost. Here, the graph turns upward reflecting the higher average cost. As more units are produced, the average cost continues to rise dramatically reflecting the inefficiencies involved with over capacity production. This is known as the law of diminishing returns. A key component and indicator on the graph of the SRAC is the Marginal Cost (MC). This is the total cost of producing the next unit. With an efficient factory running near capacity, this will be at a minimum, and less than the average. However, going beyond this point will cause the marginal cost to spike upward on a steeper slope than the average. When the marginal cost line crosses the average, production is at its most efficient. As marginal costs rise, it pulls the SRAC curve up with it, though at a less responsive rate. Acme could remain profitable in this area of increasing costs and diminishing returns as long as MC is below the selling price. However, to maximise resources it is desirable to keep the SRAC at a minimum. The point at which the marginal cost begins to rise and cross the SRAC is the point at which Acme must consider expanding their production capabilities. Acme has already planned for this expansion. They are no where near market saturation and the product design has a long life ahead of it. Their sales are increasing and they have studied various plans on the

Integrate technology lesson plan into my middle school PE class Assignment

Integrate technology lesson plan into my middle school PE class - Assignment Example W. Woodbury Middle School (2012). The integration of digital bulletin boards would be directed towards engaging the requirements and objectives of International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) for technological competencies in students. Moreover, students earn points while undertaking physical activities of their choice and interest, which adds up to their overall performance. Hence, higher order skills remain essential in providing students the opportunity to live productive lifestyles and learn effectively in the increasingly digital world and evolving global society. In the end, integration of technological competencies into PE class activities makes a difference through the mastery of essential skills for becoming productive adults in society. The incorporation of technology competencies remains increasingly significant for students preparing to live, work and contribute to the social material of the society according to ISTE (2007) objectives. Firstly, the course objectives would be to stimulate collaboration and cohesiveness in students during off school hours. Secondly, to enable students communicate through digital means in arranging and informing other students of group workout schedules, personal reflections, and positive feedback. Thirdly, to enhance the ability of students to stay connected along with possessing various ideas in fulfilling the ‘Weekend Warrior’ program or take home PE sessions. Lastly, to engage the requirements of the National Education Technology Standards for Students on Collaboration and Communication in integrating appropriate technology competencies under ISTE guidelines. Furthermore, these course objectives would respond to the identified needs based on technology standards suc h as the need to acquire and develop higher order skills, personal reflection, sense of community and collaboration. These needs would be fulfilled beyond the normal PE classroom

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Journal - Assignment Example It allows me to be the best â€Å"me† I can possibly be. It also shows me sides of my personality that I might not otherwise know about. For me that is very valuable. When I first found out I would be required to demonstrate my counselling techniques and skills I was somewhat apprehensive. I wondered if I was ready to do that. I wasn't entirely sure if I would be able to measure up to the challenge, but as I thought about it more I began to realize that I had an inherent talent for counselling and that there was nothing to be concerned about. I believe I performed admirably during the demonstration. I realized there a lot of things about myself which I don't often think about. As I gave the demonstration I began to consider all the things that go into making a good counsellor. There are so many aspects of a person's identity that play a role in them being a sympathetic and professional counsellor. As Bitar, et al, write in their fascinating study of counselling, family origin, for example, can often play a major role: Family of origin experiences influenced the process in two main ways. First, several therapists chose theories that helped them work through their own family of origin issues. Second, family of origin experiences seemed to sensitize several therapists to particular models. For example, one participant was drawn to a model that directly addressed an already resolved but previously painful family of origin dynamic (115).

Automobile and Scientific Inventions Essay Example for Free

Automobile and Scientific Inventions Essay There are many scientific inventions in our world. Some of these inventions are even in the houses that we live in. There are inventions such as computer games, the microwave oven, and even the Moto vehicle. These inventions make our lives much easier but it destroys the world as well. Everything and everyone gets harmed some way by these inventions. Let’s start off with this. The computer is entertaining but yet dangerous to our eyes. Children of our world love being on the computer. But they shouldn’t love it too much, because if you stare and are too close to the computer for far too long, your eyes begin to hurt and you become shot sighted. This is so because your brain decides that you don’t need to be able to see things far away and only see thing that are close to you. The computer is one of the best inventions because it helps you with a lot of things. Number one is work. It allows us to save all our important document and keeps them in a private file. The microwave oven. This is a machine that heats thing. It’s great in homes for when you want to heat foods. About 1/3 of the world has one. I’ll say this; microwave oven heats your foods but also destroys your health. As the microwave heats up, it sends of radiation inside and out. Your foods become polluted with radiation and if you’re too close to it you as well. Who likes eating cold food? I mean we all like food nice and hot, so we should have a microwave oven in our houses. I personally can’t go without a microwave. It one of my favorite scientific inventions. One of the most used scientific inventions would be the motor vehicle. Now this is brilliant! The motor vehicle or should I say, cars are very common to our modern day lives. EVERYBODY has one. Well if you have a license of course. Now cars are a complex piece of machinery. It’s like you’re basically holding a fully loaded gun. Almost every day there is an accident that occurs. We may not see it, but it happens. People get greatly injured or even die from car accidents. On the positive side, cars do have its advantages. People use cars to transport themselves around. It takes you from one place to another. Instead of having to walk, you drive. Another thing about cars, it pollutes the air badly. This is so because cars give off a great deal of smoke sometimes. This affects the greenhouse gases and even worse, the ozone layer. If the air is completely contaminated people with die. People that believe these machines are not good for our lives are somewhat correct but wrong. I believe that it has made our lives really easy and less complex. I think it has done wonders to the world and we should all appreciate the advantage we get from this.

The History And Influence Of Latin Music

The History And Influence Of Latin Music The history and influences of Latin American music started in the 1550 by the Moorish and African slaves. Latin Americas style of music has a mix of European, African, and Indigenous influences. Latin music today is played to celebrate events and many other happy happenings this is where in my essay I will focus in the early times of Latin America, the indigenous civilizations of Aztec, Maya, and Inca had their style of music for rituals and ceremonies, but when the Europeans came in the colonial period, they brought their Roman Catholic religious and also changed the views of many indigenous people including their style of music. At the time European was conquering Latin America, the Europeans brought African slaves for labour, but because they were not allowed to believe in their believes, the African slaves used their own instruments that were brought with them when they were forced into slave trade to create rhythms to communicate, tell stories, and share unspeakable joy which al l created the beat of Lain Music. Lastly I will talk about present Latin music itself and what influences was kept. Oldest musical traditions in Latin America were based on the three great civilizations of Maya, Inca, and Aztec. The three great civilizations played three types of music. The first one was played for pleasure that inspired group singings and dances. The second type was functional music for instance, work songs and martial music. The last type of music was the largest category, it was religious music used for rituals and communication. For the largest category of music, their religion was extremely important to the indigenous people. They had their unique kind of music to please the evil gods to bring good lucky, another to bring good harvest and most importantly the rain god to bring water for drinking and farming. Many of these type of music was played when a ritual was happening, sacrifices would be done at the same time. There were centuries where the music that were heard by authors and music scholars and they would say it was barbaric and frightful. Though many disagreed with t he music of sacrifice, many were impressed by the large variety of detailed instruments ranging from flutes made out of clay, conch shells used like a trumpet, rattles, and drums ranging from different sizes. Music was always played in festivals, and a particular song was played for each big event. Even small villages of Amerindians musicians produce music that is diverse and unique to each village. As the European came in the colonial period, their influenced evolved indigenous style of music to more detailed pieces. When Spain and Portugal started to settle on American land in the colonial period, the Spanish and Portuguese brought their culture along with them especially their Roman Catholic religious believes, where the indigenous people began the use their influence of arts. In this period the indigenous people were beginning to be influenced by their arts and many Europeans played many kinds of their famous music in churches to convert Indians into Catholicism. Their music however did not play a major role in the development in Latin American and especially Brazils popular music. When the Christmas season came, autos were introduced to the Indians and they were highly influenced by the later music of Latin America. At this time, the colonist of Europe brought European instruments and the natives quickly adopted these, but because the Indians tried not to copy the exact instrument, they would construct similar ones but with better quality items. For example the guitar, the Indians would chang e the tuning of the strings or change the guitar box with an armadillo shell. But not till the twenty-first century, the Maya still played their old songs but with European instruments where they shared Mayan roots with both Aztec and Spanish borrowings. Latin America gained independence during the early nineteenth century. With the independence, music shifted its status in leadership. In the nineteenth century the musical life of Latin American started using the piano to produce salon music. Many different kinds of Latin American music were produced but not all kinds were so popular. Italian lyricism, German and French romanticism were the three biggest influences to Latin American composers of the nineteenth century. By the end of nineteenth century, Latin America started to not lean so much towards the European traditions and started to create national music. As this new development of nationalism music, composers started to focus more into folk and popular themes. In this new de velopment, Brazil began to use native melodies to compose their music. The most important development of Latin American music during the Colonial Period was in the sixteenth century when African slaves were sent to the Caribbean Islands and Brazil, and this is where the base of contemporary Latin American music started. Latin American music is highly influenced by European colonization and by the African slaves. The African slaves brought the following characteristics for their style of music: multiple percussive lines, polyrhythms, polymeric vocal polyphony, choreographic features, mystical-religious references, the use of a stanza-refrain form, and specific instrumentation as they were forced into labour on unfamiliar land from salve trades, which created vibrant rhythms and melodies to Latin America from their homeland. The music they play associates with work, play and spiritual purposes because they were not allowed to practise their believes so they create rhythms to communicate, tell stories, and share unspeakable joy. Their music comes in a range for every occasion from lullabies to punishments and because of their diversity, each group of African slaves produce different musical styles with a wide variety of instruments from rattles, to woodwinds, to drums, to stringed instruments. One of t he larger groups known as the Moorish people also known as Afro-Caribbean brought their culture up front and it came forth. In 1776 Moorish people were prohibited to play drums and the Caribbean slaves were allowed, which were just for recreation, entertainment, and the most important, communication. All of these played the traditional Moorish and African rhythms on a drum and the basic beat for Latin American music. The African slaves were always interested in coming up with new rhythms that they liked to play in ensembles of different percussion instruments but because they are rich in rhythmic form, their melodic variation is extremely poor. African beats highly influenced the creation of samba, where ancient drumming and circular dance ritual called the bataque are included. Although the bataque was originally a religious dance, slaves disguised it as a secular celebration because the Portuguese forbade the Africans to practice their sacred beliefs. The word samba first appeared in 1838 where it originally originated from an African dance known as the mesemba but the actual samba dance and music was created in 1917. History has said that the African-Brazilian people in the working class of Rio de Janeiro probably invented the samba. The rhythms of the samba had three roles: to sing, dance, and to parade at carnivals. Ernesto does Santos; a black musician recorded the first samba song in 1916. When Manuel Diniz opened a maxixe academy in Paris, the samba dance gained much popularity in Europe in 1921. Sambas name was for its rhythm, but there were different kinds of samba. The most fast paced and extreme was the batucada. The batucada is both the name for a large samba percussion group and a drumming style with two rhythms mixed together. Latin music is a combination of influences from Africa, Europe, and the indigenous people of Latin America. Latin music is influenced by Spanish songs, African and indigenous rhythms, European classical and popular music from the Catholic Church. In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, ballad, rhythm, blues, jazz, rocks, reggae, Afro-pop, and hip-hop were created. Rhythms and harmonies are the two elements that help differ Latin music from European and North American music. Many European classical and church influences were incorporated into Afro-Cuban music. The rhythmic structure or the beat is the most distinctive elements in Afro-Cuban music. Latin music is a five-beat pattern called the clave. There are two wooden clave sticks which are used by musicians to tap out the underlying rhythms of a song. Contemporary Latin music shows three main trends. The first are the ones who follow the footsteps in expressing their love for their country in the late nineteenth century or ear ly twentieth century. The second most influential group are composers who seek to accommodate their cultures myths and express their own individuality at the same time. Lastly they are the ones who ignore both the love of their country and cultural myth. Their music is developed along experimental lines. In conclusion Latin American music is a popular music that has a history of cultural mixes. Without the conquest of the Spanish and Europeans, they would never have given influences to the style and also the bring African slaves over for the beat of todays Latin music From Africa to the Aztec and the Inca, the forebears of Latin music have circled the globe for hundreds of years. The unique melodies and instruments played important roles in ancient societies, and they continue to influence millions of musicians in the 21st century